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India’s PFBR attains criticality at last
Prime Minister Narendra Modi proclaimed it “a proud moment for India” when on April 6 the 500-MWe, sodium-cooled Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) achieved initial criticality. This milestone, which comes some 22 years after the continually delayed PFBR project began, marks India’s entrance into the second stage of its three-stage nuclear program, which has the ultimate goal of supporting the country’s nuclear power program with its significant thorium reserves.
Jianming Chen (NWMO), John Avis, Nicola Calder (Geofirma Eng)
Proceedings | 16th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference (IHLRWM 2017) | Charlotte, NC, April 9-13, 2017 | Pages 490-497
This modelling study investigates potential effects of repeated loading and unloading of kilometres-thick ice-sheets on groundwater flow and radionuclide transport for a conceptual repository constructed 500 m below ground surface in a hypothetical sedimentary rock setting in Southern Ontario, Canada. Multiple modelling scenarios have been simulated to examine the sensitivity of model conceptualizations and key parameters. Results indicate that while repeated glacial cycles can boost radionuclide transport, the amount reaching the surface remains minimal owing to the extremely low permeability offered by the surrounding sedimentary rocks. No significant incremental adverse effects to humans and the environment are therefore anticipated as a result of these glacial cycles.