In the present investigation, the gamma and neutron shielding parameters of nano Pb2O3 incorporated into cement in proportions ranging from 0 to 5 wt% were determined using EpiXS and NGCal software. It was observed that the mass attenuation coefficient decreased with increasing photon energy. The introduction of higher concentrations of nano Pb2O3 into the cement resulted in a marked increase in the Pb K-edge. Cement samples enhanced with Pb2O3 content exhibited a pronounced peak in the effective atomic number in the lower energy regions. The exposure buildup factor showed a decrease in its value with increasing Pb2O3 content. Among the compositions used, pure cement with no Pb2O3 addition demonstrated a superior mass attenuation factor for both thermal and fast neutrons. A blend of 95% cement with 5% Pb2O3 emerged as the most effective gamma-ray shielding material within the tested energy range. A comparative analysis of this mix with other concrete types was conducted to evaluate its effectiveness as a shielding material. The findings suggest that this composition could benefit medical imaging and radiation therapy facilities.