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SuperCritical Materials licenses technology for uranium seawater extraction
Last week, Austin, Texas–based nuclear fuel start-up SuperCritical Materials announced that it has secured a license from the Department of Energy for a patented uranium and critical materials adsorbent manufacturing process originally developed by a team led by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
SuperCritical aims to use this license to extract uranium from seawater at an industrial scale in the United States and abroad.
Robert J. Demuth, Anna L. D’Entremont, Rebecca Smith, Robert L. Sindelar, Travis W. Knight
Nuclear Technology | Volume 210 | Number 11 | November 2024 | Pages 2187-2203
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2024.2312019
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In aluminum-clad spent nuclear fuels, an (oxy)hydroxide layer on the surface of the cladding hosts chemisorbed water formed during reactor and post-discharge exposure to water. Any residual water is susceptible to generating hydrogen via radiolysis, which can be a risk associated with dry fuel storage. Engineering-scale forced helium dehydration (FHD) and vacuum drying tests were conducted on mock-up fuel assemblies that included corroded aluminum surrogate plates to assess the removal of bulk and chemisorbed water. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed on samples of the surrogate plates, both undried control samples used to determine onset temperatures associated with a phase change occurring in the oxide layer and samples from drying tests used to determine the effectiveness of each drying method. Both vacuum drying and FHD processes were capable of removing bulk water. However, FHD was determined to provide additional drying capabilities, including partial removal of chemisorbed water from bayerite due to the higher temperatures during drying. The temperature threshold for partial dehydroxylation of the oxide layer was determined to be around 220°C, meaning any drying methods attempting to remove chemisorbed water must exceed 220°C.