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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Frisch-Peierls memorandum: A seminal document of nuclear history
The Manhattan Project is usually considered to have been initiated with Albert Einstein’s letter to President Franklin Roosevelt in October 1939. However, a lesser-known document that was just as impactful on wartime nuclear history was the so-called Frisch-Peierls memorandum. Prepared by two refugee physicists at the University of Birmingham in Britain in early 1940, this manuscript was the first technical description of nuclear weapons and their military, strategic, and ethical implications to reach high-level government officials on either side of the Atlantic. The memorandum triggered the initiation of the British wartime nuclear program, which later merged with the Manhattan Engineer District.
Rei Kimura, Kazuhito Asano
Nuclear Technology | Volume 210 | Number 8 | August 2024 | Pages 1496-1502
Note | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2023.2299899
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A novel microreactor, called MoveluXTM, was previously proposed that utilizes heat pipes as the primary heat transfer device and calcium hydride as the moderator. In this core design, the moderator temperature is the critical core operation limit because at high temperatures above 800°C, the hydrogen dissociates from the calcium hydride. The core temperature distribution, therefore, was previously evaluated. However, this evaluation did not consider gamma heating in the core and assumed that power was produced only in the fuel region. By contrast, the moderator region has a power density under realistic conditions due to gamma heating. Thus, the present work considers gamma heating in the core power distribution calculation and evaluates the impact on the moderator temperature. The power density of gamma heating was 1/10th that of the fuel region and around 1/100th that of the core thermal power. This increased the temperature of the moderator by 10 K from the case without considering gamma heating. In addition, this temperature distribution difference did not have an impact on the core criticality. In conclusion, considering the gamma heating, concerns regarding the core design are not suggested.