Corrosion modules simulating the engineered barrier system were designed in this study for long-term-corrosion (LTC) testing of canister materials under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The LTC module for aerobic conditions was designed as a bath-type container with flowing underground water extracted from the Korea Underground Research Tunnel. Five types of metallic disks, that is, rolled Cu, Type 304 stainless steel (SS), Titanium Grade 2 (Ti-G2), cast iron (CI), and Cu coating, were embedded into bentonite and maintained at different temperatures. After 3 years of testing under aerobic conditions, the corrosion rates of CI and Cu were estimated to be 1.9 μm/year and 550 nm/year, respectively. The SS and Ti-G2 exhibited a better corrosion rate of 6 nm/year. The LTC module for anaerobic conditions was developed in a vessel-type cylindrical container to allow it to settle in the boreholes. Four coin-shaped disks of each metal were embedded in bentonite, which was subsequently stacked in the cylindrical vessel. The vessels were placed in boreholes at a depth of 300 m. The Cu corrosion rate after 6 months of LTC testing under anaerobic conditions was 280 nm/year. Longer LTC tests will provide a more exact corrosion rate.