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Center for Used Fuel Research: Building confidence in storage and transport
Used nuclear fuel storage and transportation have reached a critical juncture.
Dozens of utilities need reliable data on how used nuclear fuel performs in dry storage casks and canisters to extend regulatory licenses at sites across the United States. Likewise, the Department of Energy expects to take ownership of the used nuclear fuel—termed “spent nuclear fuel” in the laws and regulations governing its stewardship—and transfer it to one or more federal staging facilities for management and disposition.
Meanwhile, dozens of reactor companies are testing prototypes of advanced reactors and advanced reactor fuels. Eventually, regulators and industry must also verify the safety and security of storage methods for these advanced fuel types.
To help address these challenges, the DOE established the Center for Used Fuel Research (CUFR) in January 2026 for work related to the long-term storage and transport of used nuclear fuel.
Jonathan Scherr, Pavel Tsvetkov
Nuclear Technology | Volume 209 | Number 11 | November 2023 | Pages 1733-1746
Regular Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2023.2209229
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Abilene Christian University (ACU) is developing a 1-MW(thermal) molten salt research reactor that will be built on the ACU campus. A conceptual reactor core model was developed to facilitate the safety analysis required for a construction permit. A series of scoping studies were performed seeking to define the reactor core design parameters subject to a variety of design requirements. A Pareto curve identifying the tradeoff between uranium and LiF-BeF2 was determined. Within this curve, at least 250 kg of uranium and 700 kg of LiF-BeF2 are needed, albeit for different reactor configurations and fuel salt compositions. The cylindrical reactor vessel associated with the best-performing fuel salt composition is ~130 cm in diameter, ~170 cm tall, and contains ~2.5 tons of graphite. The conversion ratio of the reactor is low and will require regular refueling. The shift in neutron spectrum observed with the changing fuel salt composition does not significantly impact reactivity loss with respect to burnup.