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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
J. P. Lestone, M. D. Rosen, P. Adsley
Nuclear Technology | Volume 207 | Number 1 | December 2021 | Pages S352-S355
Technical Note | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2021.1909372
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
During the Manhattan Project, a simple formula was developed by Bethe and Feynman in 1943 to estimate the yield of a fission-only nuclear explosion of a uniformly dense bare sphere of supercritical fissile material. We have not found any evidence that Bethe and Feynman knew of the first yield formula obtained by Frisch and Peierls contained within their famous March 1940 memorandum. Similarly, we have not found any technical documents that compare the Bethe-Feynman formula to the earlier works of Frisch and Peierls or Serber. After adjusting for differences in the labeling of critical radii, we find that earlier formulas only differ by a scaling factor.
