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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
Faten N. Al Zubaidi, Kyle L. Walton, Robert V. Tompson, Tushar K. Ghosh, Sudarshan K. Loyalka
Nuclear Technology | Volume 207 | Number 8 | August 2021 | Pages 1257-1269
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2020.1808394
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Measurements and data are reported for the total hemispherical emissivity of Grade 91 steel [ASTM International (ASTM) A387 Grade 91] for the temperature range of 400 K to 1048 K using ASTM standard C835-06. The surfaces studied included (1) an electric discharge machining (EDM) cut, (2) Grade 91 steel sandblasted with 320-grit-sized alumina beads, (3) EDM-cut Grade 91 steel oxidized in air, and (4) Grade 91 steel sandblasted with 320-grit-sized alumina beads and oxidized in air. The EDM-cut Grade 91 steel was oxidized at 873 K and 1023 K for 1, 3, and 5 h. The 320-grit sandblasted Grade 91 steel was oxidized at 1023 K for 5 h. Air oxidations were carried out in a three-zone furnace at fixed airflow. It appears that under some conditions, Grade 91 steel can reach the emissivities required for passive heat removal during an air ingress accident.
