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Meeting Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Latest News
The U.S. Million Person Study of Low-Dose-Rate Health Effects
There is a critical knowledge gap regarding the health consequences of exposure to radiation received gradually over time. While there is a plethora of studies on the risks of adverse outcomes from both acute and high-dose exposures, including the landmark study of atomic bomb survivors, these are not characteristic of the chronic exposure to low-dose radiation encountered in occupational and public settings. In addition, smaller cohorts have limited numbers leading to reduced statistical power.
Sunming Qin, Benedikt Krohn, Victor Petrov, Annalisa Manera
Nuclear Technology | Volume 206 | Number 2 | February 2020 | Pages 307-321
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2019.1591155
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Nonintrusive optical methods of flow visualization, like particle image velocity (PIV) and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF), have been widely applied to obtain instantaneous velocity and concentration fields with high spatial and temporal resolutions. When there are density variances involved in the flow, however, the optical measurements become challenging. To prevent the laser sheet which is used to illuminate the flow from getting deflected due to the changes of densities, it is essential to match the refractive indices for the solutions used in the experiments. A methodology based on the mixing behavior of a ternary-component system is applied in this work and an index-matched density ratio of 3.16% has been obtained. To form a nonconfined round free jet, an experimental facility was designed with a jet nozzle diameter of 2 mm located at the bottom of a cubic tank with 30-cm side length. The jet flow is established by a servo-engine-driven piston to eliminate possible fluctuations introduced by the motor. A high-fidelity synchronized PIV/PLIF system was utilized to measure the velocity and concentration fields in the self-similar regions for the jet flow with density differences as well as for the reference cases in uniform environments. Results are analyzed and compared in terms of turbulent statistics. Important for validations of computational fluid dynamics simulations, turbulent eddy viscosity as well as turbulent diffusivity are computed according to the Boussinesq hypothesis and the standard gradient-diffusion hypothesis. Scalar transport has been characterized for the jet self-similar region compared with previous literature using pipe-shaped jet nozzle in terms of the decay constants, jet spreading rates, and virtual origins.