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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Robert David
Nuclear Technology | Volume 205 | Number 11 | November 2019 | Pages 1488-1494
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2019.1597581
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Finite element analysis is used to study heat transfer from a corium pool at the bottom of the calandria to its surroundings during a severe accident in a CANDU 6 reactor. The shape of the corium crust around the pool and the steady-state heat fluxes exiting the calandria are calculated for representative accident conditions. The sensitivity of the results to several model parameters is examined. Calculated heat fluxes can be compared to measurements of the critical heat flux at different locations on the outside of the calandria in order to assess the possibility of in-vessel retention of the molten core.