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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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INL makes a case for eliminating ALARA and setting higher dose limits
A report just released by Idaho National Laboratory reviews decades of radiation protection standards and research on the health effects of low-dose radiation and recommends that the current U.S. annual occupational dose limit of 5,000 mrem be maintained without applying ALARA—the “as low as reasonably achievable” regulatory concept first introduced in 1971—below that threshold.
Noting that epidemiological studies “have consistently failed to demonstrate statistically significant health effects at doses below 10,000 mrem delivered at low dose rates,” the report also recommends “future consideration of increasing this limit to 10,000 mrem/year with appropriate cumulative-dose constraints.”
O. S. Gokhale, B. P. Puranik, A. K. Ghosh
Nuclear Technology | Volume 190 | Number 1 | April 2015 | Pages 52-64
Technical Paper | Fuel Cycle and Management | doi.org/10.13182/NT14-31
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Heat transfer characteristics of intact fuel pins under reflood conditions have been extensively studied to understand the quench behavior of a typical pressurized water reactor (PWR). Overheating of fuel pins due to loss of nucleate boiling under exposed conditions causes the clad to balloon over large portions of the fuel pin length (up to 60%). The reflood behavior of ballooned fuel pins has been studied experimentally for ballooned heater pin configurations with an up to 15% ballooned length of the total length. Substantial changes in the reflood behavior are observed for a higher extent of the ballooned region. An experimental setup is thus being developed to study the effect of the large extent of the ballooned region (up to 60% of the total length) on the reflood behavior. The experimental setup employs a 5×5 matrix of indirectly heated fuel pins surrounded by 32 dummy fuel pins. The scaling analysis carried out for the design of the experimental setup is presented here. The nondimensional π terms pertaining to the quench phenomena have been conserved as compared to the typical PWR values. The evolution of some of the nondimensional π terms under reflood conditions has been discussed for simulations done with RELAP5 for ballooned as well as nonballooned test cases. Delayed quenching is observed in the extended ballooned fuel pins due to poor heat transfer in the ballooned region.