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Undeclared uranium hitches a ride on cobalt exports from Congo, study says
Philippe (left) and Manzuk quantified the amount of uranium that has been exported from the DRC in cobalt shipments or left behind in the environment. (Photo: Joel Hallberg/UW–Madison)
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Princeton University have published a study in Nature Communications that calls attention to a blind spot in nuclear nonproliferation: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has exported thousands of metric tons of uranium, and there is no accounting for where it has gone.
In partnership with Lighthouse Reports and the Financial Times, UW–Madison nuclear engineering professor and nuclear security expert Sébastien Philippe and Ryan Manzuk, a geologist and research fellow in Philippe’s group and at Princeton, conducted the study using countrywide mineralization and geochemical data.
Jia (Jason) Hou, Hangbok Choi, Kostadin Ivanov
Nuclear Technology | Volume 186 | Number 3 | June 2014 | Pages 305-316
Technical Paper | Fission Reactors | doi.org/10.13182/NT12-137
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A lattice code, MICROX-2, was assessed for its neutronics calculation performance with new cross-section libraries. First, the new cross-section libraries were generated based on ENDF/B-VII release 0. A total of 386 nuclides were processed, including 10 thermal scattering nuclides. The updated NJOY system and MICROR code were used to process nuclear data and convert them into the MICROX-2 library format. The energy group structure of the new library was optimized for both the thermal and fast neutron spectrum systems based on the Contributon and Pointwise Cross Section Driven (CPXSD) method, resulting in a total of 1173 energy groups. Second, a series of pin-cell–level benchmark calculations was performed against experimental measurements and numerical calculations performed by the deterministic and Monte Carlo codes for multiplication factors and reaction rate ratios. Both the homogeneous and heterogeneous pin-cell calculations were conducted for 15 cases. The results of MICROX-2 calculations show good agreement with the reference values. The arithmetic average errors of k∞ for the homogeneous and heterogeneous lattices are 0.30% and 0.44%, respectively. For the finite lattices (five cases for water reactor fuels), the average error of keff is 0.32%. These errors are due to the combined effect of the solution method and the cross-section library. Especially for the fast reactor cases, the prediction of the physics parameter by MICROX-2 deteriorates when the fuel volume increases, which is mostly due to the simplified resonance self-shielding model.