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Smarter waste strategies: Helping deliver on the promise of advanced nuclear
At COP28, held in Dubai in 2023, a clear consensus emerged: Nuclear energy must be a cornerstone of the global clean energy transition. With electricity demand projected to soar as we decarbonize not just power but also industry, transport, and heat, the case for new nuclear is compelling. More than 20 countries committed to tripling global nuclear capacity by 2050. In the United States alone, the Department of Energy forecasts that the country’s current nuclear capacity could more than triple, adding 200 GW of new nuclear to the existing 95 GW by mid-century.
Almir Fernandes, Sudarshan K. Loyalka
Nuclear Technology | Volume 113 | Number 2 | February 1996 | Pages 155-166
Technical Paper | Nuclear Reactor Safety | doi.org/10.13182/NT96-A35185
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The CONTAIN code is an integrated code for predicting the containment behavior (chemical, physical, and radiological) in a severe accident. It models the thermal hydraulics as well as the aerosol and fission products behavior inside the containment. There are four aerosol deposition mechanisms modeled in the code: settling, diffusion to surfaces, thermophoresis, and diffusiophoresis. In general, the settling and diffusion are the most important. A comparison of the CONTAIN deposition rate expression with a general and more accurate rate expression, however, shows that for most geometries, the code expression overestimates the deposition of small particles, mainly because of an inadequate assumption regarding the dependence of the thickness of the boundary layer on particle size. For some specific geometries, the expression can also overestimate deposition of large particles. The general and more accurate expression is implemented in the CONTAIN code for the cubic and spherical geometries for a test problem. The original and the modified versions of the CONTAIN code are found to yield different results for the suspended aerosol mass. The differences depend on other aerosol processes such as coagulation and also on geometry.