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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Carl A. Beard, John J. Buksa, Michael W. Cappiello, J. Wiley Davidson, Jay S. Elson, John R. Ireland, Robert A. Krakowski, Burt J. Krohn, William C. Sailor, Joseph L. Sapir
Nuclear Technology | Volume 111 | Number 1 | July 1995 | Pages 122-132
Technical Paper | Nuclear Fuel Cycle | doi.org/10.13182/NT95-A35151
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A conceptual target and blanket design for an accelerator transmutation of waste system capable of transmuting the high-level waste stream from 2.5 light water reactors is described. Typically, four such targetblanket designs would be served by a single linear accelerator. The target consists of rows of solid tungsten rod bundles, cooled by heavy water and surrounded by a lead annulus. The annular blanket, which surrounds the target, consists of a set of actinide-oxide-slurrybearing tubes, each 3 m long, surrounded by heavy water moderator. Heat is removed from the slurry tubes by passing the slurry through an external heat exchanger. Long-lived fission products are burned in regions that are separate from the actinides. Using the Monte Carlo codes LAHET and MCNP, a conceptual design for a beam current of 62.5 mA/target of 1.6-GeV protons has been developed. Preliminary engineering analyses on key system components have been performed. A preliminary layout of the concept and the associated primary-heat transport subsystems was developed, demonstrating a multiple-containment-boundary design philosophy.