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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
R. K. S. Rathore, P. Munshi, R. K. Jarwal, I. D. Dhariyal
Nuclear Technology | Volume 82 | Number 2 | August 1988 | Pages 227-234
Technical Paper | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT88-A34109
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Computerized tomography (CT) has been demonstrated to be a good technique for measuring point density (void fraction) in two-phase flow systems. Recently, improvements have been suggested regarding the choice of filter functions in CT methods. These methods are essentially based on the discrete implementation of the radon inversion formulas that are widely used in the medical imaging area. Such methods do not require any a priori information regarding the distribution of the density (or the void fraction). A very simple method involving the tomographic chord-segment inversion has been developed and tested for two-phase flows having radially symmetric density distributions. This method is much simpler and consumes less CPU time than more general methods of tomographic reconstruction. For test functions, the reconstructed density distributions are almost exact. For air/water bubbly flow data, the reconstructed values have a maximum deviation of ±0.03 g/cm3. The range of investigation of the air/water flow data was 0.6 to 0.9 g/cm3, i.e., a void fraction range of 40 to 10%. These results are comparable to the results obtained by the more general methods based on the radon inversion formulas.