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IAEA looks at nuclear techniques for crop resilience
The International Atomic Energy Agency has launched a five-year coordinated research project (CRP) to strengthen plant health preparedness using nuclear and related technologies.
Wheat blast, potato late blight, potato bacterial wilt, and cassava witches broom disease can spread quickly across large areas of land, leading to severe yield losses in key crops for food security. Global trade and climate change have increased the likelihood of rapid, transboundary spread.
David G. Morris, Charles B. Mullins, Graydon L. Yoder, Jr.
Nuclear Technology | Volume 69 | Number 1 | April 1985 | Pages 82-93
Technical Paper | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT85-A33597
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Dispersed-flow film boiling data were obtained in a large rod bundle (8 × 8) under steady-state and transient conditions with upward flowing high-pressure, high-temperature water. The bundle is equipped with detailed thermometry, and has geometry typical of later generation pressurized water reactors with 17 × 17 fuel assemblies. Comparisons with the data to empirical correlations commonly used to predict heat transfer in dispersed flow indicate that the Dougall-Rohsenow and Groeneveld-Delorme correlations overpredict and underpredict heat transfer, respectively, while the Groeneveld 5.7 and Condie-Bengston IV correlations perform reasonably well. Spacer grids are shown to cause rod surface temperature depressions of up to 100 K from the upstream to downstream side of the grid. Grid effects persist for 20 to 30 hydraulic diameters downstream of the grid.