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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Gottfried Class, Klaus Hain, Rainer Meyder
Nuclear Technology | Volume 69 | Number 1 | April 1985 | Pages 72-81
Technical Paper | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT85-A33596
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Thermocouples (TCs) spot welded on a surface, in two-phase flow, may rewet much sooner than the surrounding surface; they even may act as promoters for rewetting. In some loss-of-flow-test experiments, such spot-welded TCs are used to measure the cladding surface temperature of the fuel rods. Tests in the controlled blowdown simulation facility Karlsruhe (COSIMA) were performed using fuel rod simulators with and without such TCs. The cladding surface temperatures measured with the COSIMA pyrometers were compared, and it was concluded that the influence of the TCs cannot be neglected.