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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Yigal Ronen, Yaakov Fahima
Nuclear Technology | Volume 67 | Number 1 | October 1984 | Pages 46-55
Technical Paper | Fission Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT84-A33528
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Two methods for spectral shift control have been proposed for pressurized water reactors. The first method is a mechanical spectral shift where the moderator-to-fuel volume is changed. The second method is a chemical one in which the D2O/H2O ratio is changed. Utilization of a combination of the two methods has been suggested and analyzed. It was found that the advantage of the combined method is better than the sum of the advantages of the two methods separately. Emphasis was on using the spectral shift controls for one-batch reloads in order to increase the fuel cycle’s length and thus the electricity production. It was found that it is possible to increase electricity production during the plant’s lifetime by ∼6 to 9% compared to three and four batches using a regular control.