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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Gottfried Class, Klaus Hain
Nuclear Technology | Volume 60 | Number 2 | February 1983 | Pages 314-319
Technical Paper | Radiation Effects and Their Relationship to Geological Repository / Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT83-A33087
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A measuring device for measuring the mass flow of nonsteady-state two-phase flows has been developed based on the principle of rotating flow machines. Two versions of the device [true mass flowmeter (TMFM) 2.5 with a measuring range of 2.5 kg/s, and TMFM 50 with a measuring range of 50 kg/s] were used to study the measuring accuracy and the field use of the system. While the measurement errors of TMFM 2.5 are within ±2.2% of the maximum flow, it is possible with the TMFM 50 to reduce the measuring error to ±1.5% (quality x<l%) and ±0.5% (quality ≥ 1%). This implies that the accuracy in measuring two-phase mass flow is practically identical with that obtained in single-phase flow by familiar standard measuring techniques.