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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Klaus Rehme
Nuclear Technology | Volume 59 | Number 1 | October 1982 | Pages 148-159
Technical Paper | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT82-A33060
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An experimental investigation was performed to obtain detailed information on the velocity and turbulence distributions in a parallel turbulent flow through an asymmetric rod bundle. The rod bundle consisted of four parallel rods arranged asymmetrically in a rectangular channel. The pitch-to-diameter (P/D) ratio of the rods was P/D = 1.072. Experimental results were obtained in two wall subchannels with wall-to-diameter (W/D) ratios of W/D = 1.096 and 1.048, respectively. The experimental results showed high anisotropy of the momentum transport, particularly in the gaps of the rod bundle. Comparisons between the measured wall shear stresses and data computed by the VELASCO code show considerable differences, particularly for the wall subchannel with W/D = 1.048.
