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DOE nuclear cleanup costs, schedule delays continue to rise, GAO says
The Department of Energy’s Office of Environmental Management faces significant cost increases, schedule delays, and data management issues in completing nuclear waste cleanup projects, according to a new report from the U.S. Government Accountability Office.
W. N. Rankin, J. A. Kelley
Nuclear Technology | Volume 41 | Number 3 | December 1978 | Pages 373-380
Technical Paper | Radioactive Waste | doi.org/10.13182/NT78-A32121
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Metal oxide precipitates (primarily iron oxide compounds) will form in the glass matrix of some compositions of vitrified nuclear waste, during cooling of the melt, whenever solubility limits are exceeded. These precipitates, containing part of the cesium and strontium radionuclides from the waste, are more resistant to leaching by water than the as-cast glass matrix. Some of the glass matrix compositions devitrify during heating for 1 month at 600°C with the formation of equal amounts of NaAlSiO4 (nepheline or carnegieite) and (Ca, Mn) (Mg, Fe, Mn) Si2O6, plus a small amount of Ca4Fe14O25. The leachability of devitrified glass can be up to 100 times greater than the leachability of as-cast glass. The appearance and structure of the metal oxide precipitates are unaffected by the temperature conditions that caused devitrification of the glass matrix. The metal oxide precipitate particles are less leachable in water than any of the phases in the devitrified matrix.