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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
M. Kaminsky, S. K. Das, R. Ekern
Nuclear Technology | Volume 29 | Number 3 | June 1976 | Pages 303-308
Technical Paper | Fusion Reactor Material / Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT76-A31594
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The surface damage of insulating ceramic coatings on Hastelloy X and Nb—1% Zr held at room temperature and at 300°C has been studied for both 100- and 250-keV helium ion irradiation for a dose range from 3.7 × 1018 to 1 × 1019 ions cm−2. Blisters were observed after room temperature irradiation with both 100- and 250-keV helium ions. However, for irradiation at 300°C no blisters could be observed. The sharp rise in the helium permeation with temperature, observed by others for some glasses and ceramics, is thought to be responsible for this behavior. These results suggest that for the energy range studied, helium blistering has a negligible surface erosion effect on such coatings if they are operated at temperatures above 300°C.