ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Division Spotlight
Materials Science & Technology
The objectives of MSTD are: promote the advancement of materials science in Nuclear Science Technology; support the multidisciplines which constitute it; encourage research by providing a forum for the presentation, exchange, and documentation of relevant information; promote the interaction and communication among its members; and recognize and reward its members for significant contributions to the field of materials science in nuclear technology.
Meeting Spotlight
2025 ANS Annual Conference
June 15–18, 2025
Chicago, IL|Chicago Marriott Downtown
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jun 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
July 2025
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Smarter waste strategies: Helping deliver on the promise of advanced nuclear
At COP28, held in Dubai in 2023, a clear consensus emerged: Nuclear energy must be a cornerstone of the global clean energy transition. With electricity demand projected to soar as we decarbonize not just power but also industry, transport, and heat, the case for new nuclear is compelling. More than 20 countries committed to tripling global nuclear capacity by 2050. In the United States alone, the Department of Energy forecasts that the country’s current nuclear capacity could more than triple, adding 200 GW of new nuclear to the existing 95 GW by mid-century.
H. C. Claiborne, W. W. Engle, Jr.
Nuclear Technology | Volume 13 | Number 2 | February 1972 | Pages 209-215
Technical Paper | Shielding | doi.org/10.13182/NT72-A31055
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Electronic components can be affected by the dose rate from gamma rays delivered during the first few shakes (10−8 sec/shake) of an exploding nuclear device. Determining such dose rates generally requires expensive time-dependent calculations. This paper demonstrates that relatively inexpensive steady-state transport calculations can be used to bracket time-dependent peak dose rates with meaningful upper and lower limits. The model configuration consisted of a sphere of air surrounded by a spherical annulus of concrete with an isotropic source of gamma rays from fissioning 235U located at the geometric center. Steady-state calculations were made with the discrete ordinates code ANISN and the time-dependent calculations with time-dependent ANISN (TDA). The upper limit dose rates were obtained by dividing the steady-state total dose by the pulse width of the device. This is equivalent to assuming that the uncollided and air-scattered fluxes arrive at the shield simultaneously. For a lower limit calculation, only the uncollided flux was considered incident on the shield. Calculations were made for a 120-cm-thick concrete shield for ranges of 500, 1000, and 5000 m and for step-function burst pulse widths of 1 through 8 shakes. The results from the steady-state calculations generally bracketed the peak time-dependent dose rates within an acceptably narrow band except for the 500-m range at the back end of the shield where the peak time-dependent dose rates were highest for all pulse widths. This apparent anomaly is explained on the basis of using a moving boundary condition in the time-dependent solution and the effect is shown to be of no consequence.