ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Annual Conference
May 31–June 3, 2026
Denver, CO|Sheraton Denver
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Nov 2025
Jul 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
December 2025
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
November 2025
Latest News
X-energy raises $700M in latest funding round
Advanced reactor developer X-energy has announced that it has closed an oversubscribed Series D financing round of approximately $700 million. The funding proceeds are expected to be used to help continue the expansion of its supply chain and the commercial pipeline for its Xe-100 advanced small modular reactor and TRISO-X fuel, according the company.
Rajgopal Vijaykumar, Mohsen Khatib-Rahbar
Nuclear Technology | Volume 128 | Number 3 | December 1999 | Pages 313-326
Technical Paper | Thermal Hydraulics | doi.org/10.13182/NT99-A3034
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The applicability of the empirical approach in the CONTAIN computer code for the simulation of induced flow and heat transfer in asymmetrically heated, vertical parallel-plate channels is investigated. The physical situation is related to containment cooling in the Westinghouse AP600 reactor. The countercurrent flow of air in the channel is induced by the thermal buoyancy force. In CONTAIN, the heat and mass transfer analogy (with Sherwood number calculated based on an empirical Nusselt number correlation for fully developed flows), including the film theory correction for high mass transfer, is used to calculate film evaporation. The buoyancy-induced flow is calculated through coupled solutions to lumped-parameter mass, energy, and momentum equations. The CONTAIN predictions are first compared with the Purdue results of a more detailed two-dimensional model under identical conditions in a simple parallel-plate channel. Then the CONTAIN predictions are compared with the results of the Purdue two-dimensional model and with data for two selected (forced and free convection) tests performed in the Westinghouse Large Scale Test (LST) Facility. Analyses show that the CONTAIN-calculated Sherwood numbers, the total heat fluxes, the steam mass fraction, and the bulk velocity in the channel are comparable to the two-dimensional Purdue investigations for the parallel-plate simulations and for the conditions of the Westinghouse LST Facility.