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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Leonhard Meyer, Gustav Schumacher, Helmut Jacobs, Kalman Thurnay
Nuclear Technology | Volume 123 | Number 2 | August 1998 | Pages 142-155
Technical Paper | Thermal Hydraulics | doi.org/10.13182/NT98-A2888
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The multiphase, transient, and three-dimensional interaction of molten corium with water during the premixing phase of a steam explosion is simulated in the QUEOS facility using a large number of small solid spheres at temperatures up to 2300 K. The objective of the experiments is to establish a database for testing the models of heat and momentum transfer in multifluid codes as well as the codes' capability to correctly describe multiphase flows. Three experiments with up to 10 kg of spheres made of molybdenum are discussed. Results from calculations with the IVA-KA code are compared with experimental data. The agreement obtained is encouraging, and the calculations show that the intense multiphase interactions obtained in QUEOS constitute very critical and thus valuable test cases.