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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Jerry B. F. Champlin
Nuclear Technology | Volume 8 | Number 3 | March 1970 | Pages 283-289
Paper | Analysis | doi.org/10.13182/NT70-A28675
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The void space in a variety of objects can be obtained by a neutron activation method utilizing the normal argon content in the air filling the pores and voids of such samples. The activation reaction used is 40Ar(n, γ)41Ar which has a cross section of 0.63 b. Argon-41 decays by beta emission with a half-life of 1.85 h to the stable isotope of potassium, 41K. If the quantity of air in a sealed container is known, the air can be used as an activation “foil” to estimate the total flux seen by the sample while in the reactor. After standard air volumes have been evaluated, porous solids containing air can be analyzed for void space if placed under the same conditions of geometry and efficiency and the activity acquired used as a measure of the total air present relative to a standard. It is possible to use this technique with substances for which the porosity (void space/bulk volume) is difficult to measure in other ways.