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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
J. C. Robinson, F. Shahrokhi, R. C. Kryter
Nuclear Technology | Volume 40 | Number 1 | August 1978 | Pages 35-46
Technical Paper | Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT78-A26697
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
To quantify the core barrel motion in a typical pressurized water reactor, a scale factor was calculated for both one- and two-dimensional geometries, using forward, variational, and perturbation methods of discrete-ordinates transport. The calculational results show that, although perturbation theory is adequate for estimating the scale factor, two-dimensional geometric effects are important enough to rule out the use of a one-dimensional approximation for all but the crudest calculations. Also, contributions of gamma rays can be ignored, and the results are relatively insensitive to the nuclear cross-section set employed. A method was then developed for inferring, with the aid of this scale factor, the magnitude of the core barrel motion from the following statistical descriptors: cross-power spectral density, auto-power spectral density, and amplitude probability density.