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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
V. K. Sikka, J. Moteff
Nuclear Technology | Volume 22 | Number 1 | April 1974 | Pages 52-65
Technical Paper | Fusion Reactor Materials / Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT74-A16274
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The thermal stability of neutron-induced defects in molybdenum irradiated in Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II) to a fast-neutron fluence of ∼1 × 1022 n/cm2 (E >1 MeV) clearly suggests that there are critical temperature regimes that should be avoided by reactor design engineers. These regions are manifested by a rapid change in the micro structure within a small temperature interval, a circumstance that can significantly influence the strength and corresponding ductility of the material. One critical temperature occurs at ∼800°C, where the irradiation-induced modulus-corrected strength could vary significantly compared to unirradiated molybdenum for a small temperature variation around 800°C. Voids have been shown to occur in specimens irradiated at 430, 580, 700, 800, 900, and 1000°C; these voids are stable at temperatures up to ∼0.60 Tm , rather than the 0.55 Tm value reported earlier for low fluence irradiations. The increase in the complete void removal temperature is suggested to exist due to the presence of a larger void size and the ordered void lattice structure in EBR-II samples.