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Undeclared uranium hitches a ride on cobalt exports from Congo, study says
Philippe (left) and Manzuk quantified the amount of uranium that has been exported from the DRC in cobalt shipments or left behind in the environment. (Photo: Joel Hallberg/UW–Madison)
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Princeton University have published a study in Nature Communications that calls attention to a blind spot in nuclear nonproliferation: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has exported thousands of metric tons of uranium, and there is no accounting for where it has gone.
In partnership with Lighthouse Reports and the Financial Times, UW–Madison nuclear engineering professor and nuclear security expert Sébastien Philippe and Ryan Manzuk, a geologist and research fellow in Philippe’s group and at Princeton, conducted the study using countrywide mineralization and geochemical data.
Yosuke Iwamoto, Mitsuhiro Fukuda, Yukio Sakamoto, Atsushi Tamii, Kichiji Hatanaka, Keiji Takahisa, Keiichi Nagayama, Hiroaki Asai, Kenji Sugimoto, Isamu Nashiyama
Nuclear Technology | Volume 173 | Number 2 | February 2011 | Pages 210-217
Technical Paper | Techniques for Measurements of Nuclear Data | doi.org/10.13182/NT11-A11550
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The 30-deg white neutron beam at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) cyclotron facility has been characterized as a probe suitable for testing of single-event effects (SEE) in semiconductor devices in the neutron energy range from 1 to 300 MeV using the 392-MeV proton incident reaction on a 6.5-cm-thick tungsten target. The neutron spectrum obtained by time-of-flight measurements reproduced the terrestrial neutron flux distribution at sea level, and neutron intensity increased by a factor of 1.5 × 108 became available. The average neutron intensity and spectrum in the energy region from 10 to 100 MeV at RCNP were almost the same as those at the Weapons Neutron Research (WNR). The calculated RCNP neutron flux using Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) generally agreed with the measured RCNP data within a factor of 2. The neutron density per pulse at RCNP, which is around 500 times lower than that for WNR, has the advantage in reduction of the pileup probability of single-event transient currents and false multiple-bit upsets. Such conditions at RCNP are suitable for accelerated SEE testing to get meaningful results in a realistic time frame.