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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Carolina Bourdot Dutra, Luiz Aldeia Machado, Elia Merzari
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 198 | Number 7 | July 2024 | Pages 1439-1454
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2023.2246778
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) is a promising concept chosen in the Generation IV International Forum as a possible design for pursuing the sustainable use of nuclear energy. Its core consists of multiple hydraulically isolated assemblies, with a tightly packed triangular lattice array of fuel pins enclosed in a hexagonal duct present within each assembly. Helical wire spacers are wrapped along the axis of the rods to maintain a gap between them, inducing a secondary flow, increasing the channel mixing, and enhancing convective heat transfer. In this study, a direct numerical simulation campaign is conducted for a simplified 7-pin wire wrapper geometry, with Reynolds numbers ranging from = 1000 to 10 000 and a Prandtl number of = 0.005, to investigate heat transfer in low-flow conditions. The wire wrapper case is compared to a bare bundle case with seven pins. The results are discussed, and heat transfer predictions are compared between our numerical results and classic correlations. An anisotropy invariant map is obtained for the above-mentioned cases, and turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent heat flux budgets are computed and analyzed. Our findings provide unique insights into the flow behavior within a wire-wrapped bundle.