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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Tyler Sumner, Tingzhou Fei
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 196 | Number 1 | October 2022 | Pages S309-S322
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2021.2009982
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Versatile Test Reactor (VTR) is a fast spectrum test reactor currently being developed in the United States under the direction of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy. Safety analysis of the conceptual VTR design is being performed using the SAS4A/SASSYS-1 fast reactor safety analysis code with a model representing the reactor core, primary and intermediate heat transport systems, reactor vessel auxiliary cooling system, and reactor protection system. The system’s response and safety performance has been evaluated for a wide spectrum of event initiators and accident sequences. This paper focuses on the results for several unprotected transient scenarios where the reactor protection system is assumed to fail to take any action. Even without the reactor protection system, the strong reactivity feedback response of the core reduces power to safe levels matching the available heat rejection. In the station blackout transient, the primary heat transport system is able to transition quickly and effectively to natural circulation. At the current stage of design, transient simulation results for the VTR indicate that large safety margins exist for many event initiators, including the unprotected transients presented in this paper.
