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Conference Spotlight
2026 Annual Conference
May 31–June 3, 2026
Denver, CO|Sheraton Denver
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Latest News
Modernizing I&C for operations and maintenance, one phase at a time
The two reactors at Dominion Energy’s Surry plant are among the oldest in the U.S. nuclear fleet. Yet when the plant celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2023, staff could raise a toast to the future. Surry was one of the first plants to file a subsequent license renewal (SLR) application, and in May 2021, it became official: the plant was licensed to operate for a full 80 years, extending its reactors’ lifespans into 2052 and 2053.
Arvind Sundaram, Hany Abdel-Khalik
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 195 | Number 9 | September 2021 | Pages 977-989
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2021.1897731
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In the face of advanced persistent threat actors, existing information technology (IT) defenses as well as some of the more recent operational technology (OT) defenses have been shown to become increasingly vulnerable, especially for critical infrastructure systems with well-established technical know-how. For example, data deception attacks have demonstrated their ability to mislead human operators and statistical detectors alike for a wide range of systems, e.g., electric grid, chemical and nuclear plants, etc. To combat this challenge, our previous work has introduced a new modeling paradigm, called covert cognizance (C2), serving as an active OT defense that allows a critical system to build self-awareness about its past performance, with the awareness parameters covertly embedded into its own state function, precluding the need for additional courier variables. Further, the embedding process employs one-time-pad randomization to blind artificial intelligence (AI)–based learning and ensures zero impact on system state. This paper employs one of the competing AI-based learning algorithms, i.e., the long short-term memory neural network in a supervised learning setting, to validate the C2 embedding process. This is achieved by presenting the network with many labeled samples, distinguishing the original state function from the one containing the embedded self-awareness parameters. A nuclear reactor model is employed for demonstration.