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Fuel loading process begins at Palisades
The Palisades nuclear power plant has drawn closer to restart, as plant staff began the process of loading fuel into the reactor vessel on Sunday morning.
The commencement of fuel loading places the Covert, Mich., facility in Mode 6—or the refueling stage—under the plant’s technical specifications, plant owner and operator Holtec International said in a news release. The Palisades reactor core consists of 204 fuel assemblies that include new fuel and partially used fuel from the plant’s most recent operating cycles. According to Holtec, the fuel loading is being conducted in accordance with plant procedures and technical specifications.
T. Höhne, D. Lucas
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 194 | Number 10 | October 2020 | Pages 859-872
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2020.1764265
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This technical paper presents an application of the GEneralized TwO Phase flow (GENTOP) model for phase transfer and discusses the submodels used. Boiling of a heated surface under atmospheric conditions is simulated by the multifield computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Subcooled water in a generic pool is heated up first in the near-wall region leading to the generation of small bubbles. Farther away from the bottom wall, larger bubbles are generated by coalescence and evaporation. The CFD simulation is based on the recently developed GENTOP concept. It is a multifield model using the Euler-Euler approach, and it allows the consideration of different local-flow morphologies, including transitions between them. Small steam bubbles are handled as dispersed phases, while the interface of large gas structures is statistically resolved. The multiscale simulation of the transitions from small bubble to larger structures during boiling in a pool is now feasible. However, the GENTOP submodels need a constant improvement and a separate, intensive validation effort using CFD-grade experiments.