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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
T. Höhne, D. Lucas
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 194 | Number 10 | October 2020 | Pages 859-872
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2020.1764265
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This technical paper presents an application of the GEneralized TwO Phase flow (GENTOP) model for phase transfer and discusses the submodels used. Boiling of a heated surface under atmospheric conditions is simulated by the multifield computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Subcooled water in a generic pool is heated up first in the near-wall region leading to the generation of small bubbles. Farther away from the bottom wall, larger bubbles are generated by coalescence and evaporation. The CFD simulation is based on the recently developed GENTOP concept. It is a multifield model using the Euler-Euler approach, and it allows the consideration of different local-flow morphologies, including transitions between them. Small steam bubbles are handled as dispersed phases, while the interface of large gas structures is statistically resolved. The multiscale simulation of the transitions from small bubble to larger structures during boiling in a pool is now feasible. However, the GENTOP submodels need a constant improvement and a separate, intensive validation effort using CFD-grade experiments.