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Fuel loading process begins at Palisades
The Palisades nuclear power plant has drawn closer to restart, as plant staff began the process of loading fuel into the reactor vessel on Sunday morning.
The commencement of fuel loading places the Covert, Mich., facility in Mode 6—or the refueling stage—under the plant’s technical specifications, plant owner and operator Holtec International said in a news release. The Palisades reactor core consists of 204 fuel assemblies that include new fuel and partially used fuel from the plant’s most recent operating cycles. According to Holtec, the fuel loading is being conducted in accordance with plant procedures and technical specifications.
Robert E. Henry
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 193 | Number 7 | July 2019 | Pages 790-799
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2018.1560855
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Evaluations of severe accident conditions for water-cooled reactors with metallic fuel pin cladding must consider the oxidation of this material for accident sequences that could lead to high metal temperatures in a steam environment. Such representations are included in integral accident analysis computer codes. If the oxidation causes sufficiently high temperatures to melt, or liquefies the core materials, the core geometry changes as the melt drains downward and freezes on cooler structures promoting blockages and redirection of steam flowing through the fuel assemblies. Once this configuration forms, the accident condition is characterized as the late phase of core oxidation. The Phebus in-reactor experiments investigated hydrogen generation in this compacted core state and measured the generation rates over several thousand seconds. This paper investigates the role of countercurrent steam-hydrogen flow to the debris upper surface as a limit for the generation rate and finds that this provides a close description of the behavior for the Phebus experiments. Applying this mechanism to reactor accident conditions shows how this should be considered in the Severe Accident Management Guidelines.