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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Tatiana Khromyleva, Ivan Bondarenko, Alexander Gurbich, Vladimir Ketlerov, Vitaly Khryachkov, Pavel Prusachenko
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 191 | Number 3 | September 2018 | Pages 282-290
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2018.1463746
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A novel spectrometer was developed and used to measure the cross section for the (n, α) reaction at the Institute for Physics and Power Engineering. Direct measurements of the alpha particles yielded from isotopically enriched solid targets of 50Cr, 52Cr, and 53Cr; 54Fe and 57Fe; 60Ni; 64Zn; and 47Ti were carried out in the neutron energy range from 4.0 to 7.2 MeV. For some of the isotopes, the (n, α) reaction cross sections for neutron energies below 14 MeV were measured for the first time. The result of the comparison of new experimental data with the evaluated data from ENDF/B-VII, JENDL-4.0, JEFF-3.2, ROSFOND-2010, and BROND-3 libraries and with the experimental data of other authors is presented.