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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Li Mao, Igor Zmijarevic, Richard Sanchez
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 188 | Number 1 | October 2017 | Pages 15-32
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2017.1332890
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This paper presents two resonance self-shielding methods recently implemented in APOLLO3Ⓡ for fast reactor calculations: a recently developed method, based on Tone’s method, and the subgroup method. Both methods utilize the so-called mathematical probability tables. Numerical results for a pin cell and for a sodium-cooled fast reactor assembly show that Tone’s method produces precision similar to that of the subgroup method while reducing greatly the CPU time. The results also show that utilization of the approximated multicell model in the calculation of collision probabilities noticeably decreases the CPU time as compared to the direct-integration approach, while keeping equivalent accuracy. Finally, our tests show the improvement in the fast neutron spectrum gained by using an incident-energy-dependent fission spectrum instead of the traditional average fission spectrum.