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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
David L. Aumiller, Michael J. Meholic
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 184 | Number 3 | November 2016 | Pages 441-452
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE16-41
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An assessment of the predictive capability of Coolant Boiling in Rod Arrays–Integrated Environment (COBRA-IE) for critical heat flux (CHF) using the 2005 Groeneveld CHF lookup table is presented. The assessment was performed against 13 different open literature CHF experiments that were conducted over a wide range of conditions in various internal flow geometries. Overall, approximately 1300 data points were evaluated.
Different methodologies to quantify the uncertainty inherent in the CHF models are discussed in this paper. The simulation techniques, uncertainty methods, and results of two of the methods are provided. A discussion of the appropriate use of the CHF uncertainty methods is included. The results indicate that for the method associated with the largest uncertainty, the average measured/predicted value in CHF is 1.19, and the standard deviation is 0.62. For the second method, similar to the critical power ratio used for boiling water reactors, the average ratio is 0.98, and the standard deviation is 0.13. Finally, a method to translate between the methods is proposed and shown to be accurate. The use of this transformation could permit significant time and cost savings by allowing a single uncertainty assessment to serve two very different analytical needs.