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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Shawn A. Campbell, John Palsmeier, Sudarshan K. Loyalka
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 182 | Number 3 | March 2016 | Pages 287-296
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE15-40
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The nuclear source term is greatly affected by the formation and presence of aerosols in the reactor primary vessel and the containment. In simulations, the aerosol distribution is often assumed spatially homogeneous (well mixed), and there have been relatively few studies of the effects of spatial inhomogeneity on aerosol evolution in nuclear accidents. We have explored here an extension of some of our recent work on the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method to spatially inhomogeneous aerosol. In doing so, we have also departed from the traditional applications of the DSMC method where the computational domain is divided into fixed cells. We have explored here an alternative, mesh-free method by utilizing a clustering technique. This technique associates particles according to a distance parameter and is commonly used in group theory and machine learning. To benchmark this mesh-free modeling, we have verified the DSMC results against those obtained from the use of the cell balanced sectional technique for a spherical geometry where both coagulation and diffusion take place.