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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Glenn A. Roth, Fatih Aydogan
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 182 | Number 1 | January 2016 | Pages 71-82
Technical Paper | Special Issue on the RELAP5-3D Computer Code | doi.org/10.13182/NSE14-149
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The RELAP5-3D code is used to analyze nuclear reactor systems during steady-state and transient operations. Reactor transients that result in significant two-phase flow conditions and phase change, such as reflood scenarios, loss-of-coolant accidents, and others, can tax the current capabilities of the code to model the flow fields. Current codes, such as RELAP5-3D, RELAP-7, and TRACE, have mass, momentum, and energy governing equations for only two fields (liquid and vapor). The representation of two-phase flow phenomena is improved by increasing the number of fields. Therefore, governing equations based on six fields (liquid, vapor, small bubble, large bubble, small droplet, and large droplet) are derived in this paper for implementation in RELAP5-3D.