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ANS Student Conference 2025
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Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Liujun Pan, Ruihong Wang, Song Jiang
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 180 | Number 2 | June 2015 | Pages 199-208
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE14-73
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
We propose a modified method to improve the stability of the Monte Carlo fission matrix acceleration (FM) method. In the existing FM method, the weights of fission neutrons are adjusted by the fundamental-mode eigenvector of the fission matrix, which can be calculated by power iteration (PI). In this paper, the PI procedure to calculate the fundamental-mode eigenvector of the fission matrix in each cycle is called the inner iteration to distinguish it from the Monte Carlo iteration cycles. In our proposed method, the fission source distribution tallied during the Monte Carlo simulation is taken as the initial vector for the inner iteration. The weights of the fission neutrons are not adjusted by the fundamental-mode eigenvector of the fission matrix but by the vector obtained with only a few inner iteration steps. We call the proposed method the Monte Carlo fission matrix acceleration method with limited inner iteration (FM_lii). The FM_lii method possesses the following properties: It is more stable than the existing fission matrix acceleration method, and it preserves considerable acceleration efficiency. Moreover, we analyze the stability property of the proposed method for the case of two weakly coupled fissile arrays. A number of numerical tests for practical large-scale, loosely coupled systems are presented that demonstrate the theoretical analysis and efficiency of our scheme.