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Going Nuclear: Notes from the officially unofficial book tour
I work in the analytical labs at one of Europe’s oldest and largest nuclear sites: Sellafield, in northwestern England. I spend my days at the fume hood front, pipette in one hand and radiation probe in the other (and dosimeter pinned to my chest, of course). Outside the lab, I have a second job: I moonlight as a writer and public speaker. My new popular science book—Going Nuclear: How the Atom Will Save the World—came out last summer, and it feels like my life has been running at full power ever since.
R. England, J. P. Hennart, J. G. Martin, L. Melendez L., S. M. Waller
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 64 | Number 1 | September 1977 | Pages 132-140
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE77-A27084
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Fluid equations for a low-beta plasma, where the ratio of the kinetic to the magnetic pressure is small, constitute a system of parabolic partial-differential equations. Depending on the particular assumptions made, this may be a system of three equations for density, electron temperature, and ion temperature, or a single density equation, or a system of four equations where the current density or magnetic field also has to be determined. Such equations were previously solved by one-dimensional models, imposing some additional form of symmetry. In two dimensions, strongly anisotropic diffusion coefficients cause a spurious numerical loss of plasma. This problem was tackled in various geometries for the single density equation, and adequate mass conservation methods were developed. The two principal components of the diffusion were separated and, by a method of fractional steps, were treated by distinct methods. The diffusion parallel to the magnetic field was treated as a one-dimensional problem by two different techniques, (a) using a nonstandard Galerkin finite element, and (b) resulting from an averaging process across a flux tube. Meanwhile, the perpendicular diffusion, when treated by a Galerkin finite element method, gives rise to very wide band matrices, a problem that can be resolved advantageously by using the alternating direction implicit method.