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Perpetual Atomics, QSA Global produce Am fuel for nuclear space power
U.K.-based Perpetual Atomics and U.S.-based QSA Global claim to have achieved a major step forward in processing americium dioxide to fuel radioisotope power systems used in space missions. Using an industrially scalable process, the companies said they have turned americium into stable, large-scale ceramic pellets that can be directly integrated into sealed sources for radioisotope power systems, including radioisotope heater units (RHUs) and radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs).
S. A. Dupree, J. E. Morel
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 78 | Number 3 | July 1981 | Pages 284-293
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE81-A20305
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Adjoint transport calculations provide an efficient means for determining the response of various targets to external sources of radiation. In the present paper, the fission response of a small, cylindrically symmetric target to a plane-incident beam of neutrons is determined through three techniques: (a) a discrete summation using EQN quadratures, (b) a discrete summation using Lobatto quadratures, and (c) an exact integral of a spherical harmonic interpolation of EQN angular fluxes. To calculate the fission response of the sample target to a reasonable degree of accuracy, the first method requires the use of quadratures of order at least S16, while the second method requires only S8. The general utility of the third method is hampered by a rapid increase in complexity with increasing quadrature order; however, for the present example, in which a low-order quadrature solution provides reasonably accurate scalar fluxes, interpolation of S2 angular fluxes yielded a response of comparable accuracy to the S8 Lobatto solution.