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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
R. G. Alsmiller, Jr., D. C. Irving, H. S. Moran
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 32 | Number 1 | April 1968 | Pages 56-61
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE68-A18824
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The straightahead approximation, i.e., the approximation that the secondary particles from nucleon-nucleus collisions are emitted in the direction of the incident nucleon, is often used in space-vehicle shielding studies. The validity of this approximation has been tested by comparing calculations made with the angular distribution of secondary particles properly taken into account with calculations using the approximation. Comparisons between the calculations are given for both monoenergetic protons and a typical flare spectrum normally incident on slab shields followed by tissue. The results indicate that the approximation is sufficiently accurate to justify its use in obtaining estimates of the secondary-particle contribution to the dose behind thin shields.