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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Bernard I. Spinrad, James S. Sterbentz
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 90 | Number 4 | August 1985 | Pages 431-441
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE85-A18491
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Wigner-Seitz cell problem is treated by integral transport theory as a superposition of black boundary problems using the volume source and sources equivalent to the two lowest order angular components of the reentrant flux. This treatment sheds light on the convergence properties of iterative integral transport solution methods. The outgoing flux is required to have the lowest order components equal and opposite to those of the reentrant flux. Sample problems with this P11 boundary condition give good results. A new approximation to neutron transport theory is also reported. This approximation does not rely on expansion or approximation of the angular flux distribution, but rather on approximating the integral transport kernel by a sum of diffusionlike kernels that preserve spatial moments of the kernel. This might permit transport problems to be treated as a set of coupled diffusion problems in any geometry.