ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 ANS Annual Conference
May 31–June 3, 2026
Denver, CO|Sheraton Denver
Latest Magazine Issues
Mar 2026
Jan 2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
April 2026
Nuclear Technology
February 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Going Nuclear: Notes from the officially unofficial book tour
I work in the analytical labs at one of Europe’s oldest and largest nuclear sites: Sellafield, in northwestern England. I spend my days at the fume hood front, pipette in one hand and radiation probe in the other (and dosimeter pinned to my chest, of course). Outside the lab, I have a second job: I moonlight as a writer and public speaker. My new popular science book—Going Nuclear: How the Atom Will Save the World—came out last summer, and it feels like my life has been running at full power ever since.
Peter Jacob, Herwig G. Paretzke
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 93 | Number 3 | July 1986 | Pages 248-261
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE86-A17754
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Exposure at 1 m above the ground from isotropic gamma-ray point sources in the soil has been studied by the Monte Carlo method for source energies from 40 keV to 5 MeV. Source depths from 0.1 down to 30 cm and horizontal distances out to 5 mfp have been considered. Considerable deviations were found in the results of different buildup factor methods since such methods do not account for geometric effects at the interface. Moreover, exposures from infinite and finite plane sources have been calculated. It is shown that, for source energies <662 keV, the buildup factor methods underestimate the kerma considerably. It is shown how surface roughness conditions can be accounted for by the introduction of an effective source depth in the soil. The validity of approximations used to describe the exposure from finite or inhomogeneous plane sources with values for infinite homogeneous plane sources was examined.