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Radiation Protection & Shielding
The Radiation Protection and Shielding Division is developing and promoting radiation protection and shielding aspects of nuclear science and technology — including interaction of nuclear radiation with materials and biological systems, instruments and techniques for the measurement of nuclear radiation fields, and radiation shield design and evaluation.
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2025 ANS Annual Conference
June 15–18, 2025
Chicago, IL|Chicago Marriott Downtown
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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BREAKING NEWS: Trump issues executive orders to overhaul nuclear industry
The Trump administration issued four executive orders today aimed at boosting domestic nuclear deployment ahead of significant growth in projected energy demand in the coming decades.
During a live signing in the Oval Office, President Donald Trump called nuclear “a hot industry,” adding, “It’s a brilliant industry. [But] you’ve got to do it right. It’s become very safe and environmental.”
Peter Jacob, Herwig G. Paretzke
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 93 | Number 3 | July 1986 | Pages 248-261
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE86-A17754
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Exposure at 1 m above the ground from isotropic gamma-ray point sources in the soil has been studied by the Monte Carlo method for source energies from 40 keV to 5 MeV. Source depths from 0.1 down to 30 cm and horizontal distances out to 5 mfp have been considered. Considerable deviations were found in the results of different buildup factor methods since such methods do not account for geometric effects at the interface. Moreover, exposures from infinite and finite plane sources have been calculated. It is shown that, for source energies <662 keV, the buildup factor methods underestimate the kerma considerably. It is shown how surface roughness conditions can be accounted for by the introduction of an effective source depth in the soil. The validity of approximations used to describe the exposure from finite or inhomogeneous plane sources with values for infinite homogeneous plane sources was examined.