As part of the Nevada Nuclear Waste Storage Investigations, the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory conducted a test for the U.S. Department of Energy to evaluate both the feasibility of deep geologic storage and the safety of handling spent nuclear fuel assemblies. The radiological monitoring and dosimetry program instituted for the Spent Fuel Test-Climax is discussed. During the 3-yr storage phase of the test, no measurable radioactive effluent was released. Radiation exposures to personnel handling the shielded spent fuel assemblies (∼500 Gy/h at contact when unshielded) were <4 person-mSv for the duration of the project. The dosimetry data extrapolated to proposed large-scale storage schemes indicate that personnel exposures would be within currently accepted annual guidelines. The dose commitment in person-sieverts resulting from spent fuel emplacement and storage is extrapolated to be ∼0.2% of that currently received in the normal operation of nuclear power plants.