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Division Spotlight
Materials Science & Technology
The objectives of MSTD are: promote the advancement of materials science in Nuclear Science Technology; support the multidisciplines which constitute it; encourage research by providing a forum for the presentation, exchange, and documentation of relevant information; promote the interaction and communication among its members; and recognize and reward its members for significant contributions to the field of materials science in nuclear technology.
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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Latest News
NRC cuts fees by 50 percent for advanced reactor applicants
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has announced it has amended regulations for the licensing, inspection, special projects, and annual fees it will charge applicants and licensees for fiscal year 2025.
Yoshiko Harima, Hideo Hirayama
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 113 | Number 4 | April 1993 | Pages 367-378
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE92-52
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Exposure buildup factors, energy spectra, and angular flux distributions for plane-normal incident and point isotropic source gamma rays of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, 6, and 10 MeV penetrating two-layer water-lead and lead-water shields are calculated with the point Monte Carlo code EGS4 The effects of bremsstrahlung and fluorescent radiation are included. The value of the buildup factor in the second layer lies between those for infinite media of both materials in two source geometries in the 0.5- to 3-MeV energy range. However, this behavior varies remarkably and is enhanced with a bremsstrahlung contribution, when the source energy is higher than that corresponding to the minimum in the attenuation coefficient of lead. This varies equally with the fluorescent contribution when the source energy is close to the K edge of lead.