To determine the ultimate fate of organic material present in nuclear fuel reprocessing solutions and the chemical nature of the last surviving residues, organic products of the hydrolysis/nitrolysis of tributyl phosphate were subjected to further degradation with boiling 20 M HNO3 (Iodox Process) and carbon balances were run. Except for methyl nitrate, nitrate esters were oxidized in refluxing 20 M HNO3, primarily to a mixture of carbon dioxide and the corresponding and shorter chain aliphatic acids. Typically, 40% or more of the carbon from the nitrate esters was converted to CO2. Except for formic acid, the straight-chain monobasic acids oxidized slowly. Compounds identified among those resulting from oxidation of butyric acid (e.g., from the oxidation of butyl nitrate) included succinic and oxalic acids, 3- and 4-hydroxybutyric acids, nitrate esters of 3- and 4-hydroxybutyric acid, butyrolactone, and 3-nitrobutyric acid. The mechanisms for formation of these products are briefly discussed. Oxalic acid and the hydroxy aliphatic acids have some potential for complexing certain metallic fission products. These results show that traces of organic materials will always be present in actual fuel processing solutions unless special measures are taken to ensure their removal. This conclusion was reinforced by analysis of recycle acid from the Savannah River Plant. The possible implications to a reprocessing plant using 100% recycle are briefly discussed.