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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Y. Hirohata et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 48 | Number 1 | July-August 2005 | Pages 557-560
Technical Paper | Tritium Science and Technology - Materials Interaction and Permeation | doi.org/10.13182/FST05-A986
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Retention characteristics of deuterium and hydrogen retained in graphite tiles placed in the divertor region of JT-60U were investigated by thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). The deuterium retained in the near surface of all graphite tiles was mostly replaced by hydrogen due to exposure to hydrogen plasma at the final stage operations, resulting in main deuterium retention in the deeper region. The dominant species desorbed from the divertor tiles were H2, HD, D2 and CH4. The smallest retention of hydrogen isotopes (H+D) was observed in the outer divertor tile which was eroded with maximum of 20 m depth. The amount of H+D retained in the inner divertor tiles covered by the re-deposited layers increased with the thickness of the re-deposited layers. Hydrogen isotopes concentration ((H+D)/C) in the re-deposited layers was ~0.02, which was much smaller than those observed in JET and other devices.